Sullivan began using the term in his golf articles in the Newark Evening News. The members loved the device and soon began giving themselves "Mulligans" in his honor. Once they agreed and the round finished, Mulligan began to exclaim proudly for months to the members in his locker room, how he had gotten an extra shot from the duo. One day his first shot was bad and he beseeched O'Connell and Sullivan to allow another shot since they "had been practicing all morning" and he had not. In the 1930s, he would finish cleaning the locker room and, if no other members appeared, play a round with the assistant pro, Dave O'Connell, and a club member, Des Sullivan, who was a reporter and later, golf editor for the Newark Evening News. "Buddy" Mulligan, a locker room attendant at Essex Fells Country Club in New Jersey. Īn alternative, later story credits a different man named Mulligan – John A. The final version of the David Mulligan story gives him an extra shot after having overslept and having rushed to get ready to make the tee time. A second version has the extra shot allowed for Mulligan due to his being jumpy and shaky after a difficult drive over the Victoria Bridge to the course. He called it a "correction shot", but his companions thought it more fitting to name the unorthodox practice after him, and that David Mulligan then brought the concept from Canada to Winged Foot, a golf club in the U.S. One version has it that one day after hitting a poor tee shot, Mulligan immediately re-teed and shot again. There are three variations in reports indicating his being the Mulligan associated with the term. He played at the Country Club of Montreal golf course, in Saint-Lambert near Montreal during the 1920s. At one time, he was the manager of the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City. The United States Golf Association (USGA) cites three stories espousing that the term derived from the name of a Canadian golfer, David B. In 2017, Peter Reitan suggested that the term first arose in baseball sports writing and was associated with a fictional baseball player "Swat Mulligan". "Buddy" Mulligan however, no connection with these figures is recorded until several decades after the term entered common use. The most common explanation of the term's origin is that it was named after a golfer with the surname Mulligan, the main candidates being either David Mulligan or John A. The earliest known use of the term is in a 1931 issue of the Detroit Free Press, somewhat predating the earliest citation in the Oxford English Dictionary from 1936. The term has also been applied to other sports, games, and fields generally. Its best-known use is in golf, whereby it refers to a player being allowed, only informally, to replay a stroke, although that is against the formal rules of golf. A mulligan is a second chance to perform an action, usually after the first chance went wrong through bad luck or a blunder.
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